MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Endorphins are a type of neurotransmitter, or messenger in your body. They attach to your brain’s reward centers (opioid receptors) and carry signals across your nervous system. Endorphin comes from the words “endogenous, ‘’ which means within the body, and “morphine, ‘’ an opiate pain reliever.

Detailed explanation-2: -Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers. Endorphins are released by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in response to pain or stress, this group of peptide hormones both relieves pain and creates a general feeling of well-being.

Detailed explanation-3: -Although dopamine has been known as a neurotransmitter to mediate reward and motivation, accumulating evidence has shown that dopamine systems in the brain are also involved in the central regulation of chronic pain. Most importantly, descending dopaminergic pathways play an important role in pain mod-ulation.

Detailed explanation-4: --endorphins produce analgesia by inhibiting substance P, a neurotransmitter of pain in the peripheral nervous system through presynaptic µ (mu)-receptor binding.