MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glomerular filtration barrier showing three distinguished layers: Fenestrated endothelial cells, glomerular basement membrane and podocytes .

Detailed explanation-2: -The sequence of layers through which the filtration of blood takes place in the nephron is as follows: The endothelium of glomerular blood vessels, basement membrane and the epithelium of Bowman’s capsule having cells called podocytes.

Detailed explanation-3: -This three-layer filtration barrier serves as a size-selective and charge-dependent molecular sieve facilitating the filtration of cationic molecules, electrolytes, and small and midsized solutes but restricting the passage of anionic molecules and macromolecules 15, 16.

Detailed explanation-4: -The outer layer of epithelium is called the parietal layer. Blood is filtered out from the capillaries through the visceral layer of epithelium into the capsular (Bowman’s) space, and can move out from here into the proximal convoluted tubule.