MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Myelin is made by oligodendrocytes in your brain and spinal cord (your central nervous system [CNS]) and by Schwann cells in your peripheral nervous system.

Detailed explanation-2: -The glial cells that produce myelin in the central nervous system are called oligodendrocytes. In the peripheral nervous system, the myelin producing cells are called Schwann cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Myelinating Schwann cells are radially and longitudinally polarized cells (Salzer 2003; Ozcelik et al. 2010; Pereira et al. 2012). With myelination, Schwann cells organize into distinct membrane domains, each with a unique array of proteins, and a communicating set of cytoplasmic compartments (Fig.

Detailed explanation-4: -How do Schwann cells form the myelin sheath? The plasma membrane of Schwann cells, which contains high amount of lipid, forms the myelin sheath.

Detailed explanation-5: -As a whole, glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system. The most notable glial cells include oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells.