NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In gymnosperms, the male and female gametophyte do not have an independent existence. They are dependent on the sporophyte. The sporophylls form the male and female cone. The male cone bears a number of microsporophylls which develop microsporangia, where haploid microspores are formed.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vascular plants possess vascular tissues such as xylem and phloem. These tissues play important roles in water, mineral, and food transport. Gymnosperms are vascular plants. They possess tracheids instead of xylem vessels.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gymnosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants, such as cycads, ginkgo, yews and conifers, in which the ovules or seeds are not enclosed in an ovary. The word “gymnosperm” comes from the Greek word gymnospermos, meaning “naked seeds".

Detailed explanation-4: -(A) In gymnosperms, the male and female gametophytes have an independent existence. (B) The multicellular female gametophyte is retained within the megasporangium. (C) The gymnosperms are heterosporous.