NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Archaea is the main group to thrive in extreme environments. Although members of this group are generally less versatile than bacteria and eukaryotes, they are generally quite skilled in adapting to different extreme conditions, holding frequently extremophily records.

Detailed explanation-2: -Archaea are famous for their love of living in extreme environments. If it’s super hot (more than 100° Celsius), freezing, acidic, alkaline, salty, deep in the ocean, even bombarded by gamma or UV radiation, there’s probably life there, and that life is probably archaeal species.

Detailed explanation-3: -Various extremely thermophilic archaebacteria exhibit optimum growth at above 80°C. Pyrodictium is the most thermophilic of these organisms, growing at temperatures of up to 110°C and exhibiting optimum growth at about 105°C.

Detailed explanation-4: -Archaea requires neither sunlight for photosynthesis as do plants, nor oxygen. Archaea absorbs CO2, N2, or H2S and gives off methane gas as a waste product the same way humans breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-5: -Typical environments from which pure cultures of archaeal species have been isolated include hot springs, hydrothermal vents, solfataras, salt lakes, soda lakes, sewage digesters, and the rumen.