NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Enveloped animal viruses enter their host cells by a process of membrane fusion. This fusion can occur at the cell plasma membrane or within the endocytic vacuolar system, depending on the characteristics of the virus fusion protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -The viral envelope serves several functions, including protecting the RNA or DNA molecule(s), evading recognition by the immune system, and facilitating virus entry.

Detailed explanation-3: -A virus that has an outer wrapping or envelope. This envelope comes from the infected cell, or host, in a process called “budding off.” During the budding process, newly formed virus particles become “enveloped” or wrapped in an outer coat that is made from a small piece of the cell’s plasma membrane.

Detailed explanation-4: -Enveloped viruses enter the cell by attaching to an attachment factor located on the surface of the host cell. They then enter by endocytosis or a direct membrane fusion event. The fusion event is when the virus membrane and the host cell membrane fuse together allowing a virus to enter.

Detailed explanation-5: -The lipid bilayer can be derived from a variety of cellular membranes with the plasma membrane being the most common source. The presence of the lipid envelope allows enveloped viruses to bud out of cells without disrupting the cell membrane and, therefore, require an intact cell for particle release.