NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bacteriophages have a lytic or lysogenic cycle. The lytic cycle leads to the death of the host, whereas the lysogenic cycle leads to integration of phage into the host genome. Bacteriophages inject DNA into the host cell, whereas animal viruses enter by endocytosis or membrane fusion.

Detailed explanation-2: -The lytic cycle involves the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell. The lysogenic cycle involves the incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within.

Detailed explanation-3: -The prophage takes an antibiotic resistance gene with it and is packaged with the newly synthesized viral DNA. Lysogenic viral DNA which has integrated into the host genome is referred to as. a prophage.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: Both initiated by the binding of the virus to a host cell receptor molecule. Both require the cellular machinery of the host cell. Both the lytic and lysogenic cycles have the capacity to produce several viral particles from a single one that infected the host cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lysogeny is characterized by integration of the bacteriophage nucleic acid into the host bacterium’s genome or formation of a circular replicon in the bacterial cytoplasm. In this condition the bacterium continues to live and reproduce normally, while the bacteriophage lies in a dormant state in the host cell.