NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cyanobacteria are used as biofertilizers mostly in paddy fields or rice fields. They help in nitrogen fixation and thus help in increasing the yield of rice. They may be symbiotic or free-living nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

Detailed explanation-2: -Highlights. Anabaena and Nostoc are the most dominant cyanobacterial species in tropical and subtropical paddy field. Salinity, pH and temperature are the limiting factors of cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cyanobacteria have an emerged potential as biofertilizer. They have the ability to utilize CO2, water, and nutrients to convert solar energy into biomass. Efficient applications of cyanobacteria have been reported in agricultural practices to reduce global warming by decreasing CO2 gas.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, is one such example of a bio-fertilizer, a type of organic fertilizer which contains living organisms and harnesses naturally occurring inputs like solar energy, nitrogen, and water to ensure soil fertility and plant growth.

Detailed explanation-5: -Blue-green algae belonging to a general cyanobacteria genus, Nostoc or Anabaena or Tolypothrix or Aulosira, fix atmospheric nitrogen and are used as inoculations for paddy crop grown both under upland and lowland conditions. Thus, the correct answer is option B.