NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ribosomes are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria. Those found in prokaryotes are generally smaller than those in eukaryotes.

Detailed explanation-2: -All cells need ribosomes to make the proteins necessary for life. These multi-component molecular machines build complex proteins by stitching building blocks together according to instructions encoded in the cell’s messenger RNAs.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribosomes contain two different subunits, both of which are required for translation. The small subunit (“40S” in eukaryotes) decodes the genetic message and the large subunit (“60S” in eukaryotes) catalyzes peptide bond formation.

Detailed explanation-4: -A mammalian cell may harbor as many as 10 million ribosomes, and it can devote up to 60% of its energy to constructing them from RNA and 80 different types of proteins.