NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A gamete is a reproductive cell of an animal or plant. In animals, female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Ova and sperm are haploid cells, with each cell carrying only one copy of each chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Human gametes (egg and sperm cells) are haploid, containing 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome.

Detailed explanation-3: -Haploid refers to the presence of a single set of chromosomes in an organism’s cells. Sexually reproducing organisms are diploid (having two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent). In humans, only the egg and sperm cells are haploid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Haploid cells (i.e., spermatocytes and oocytes) exhibit anisogamy, in which gametes come in different sizes, depending on their sex. In humans, spermatocytes have a diameter just over 5 m, and the fully mature oocytes have a diameter that exceeds 160 m.