NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Crossing over is a cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up. When two chromosomes-one from the mother and one from the father-line up, parts of the chromosome can be switched. The two chromosomes contain the same genes, but may have different forms of the genes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Crossing-over increases genetic variation by creating different chromosomes in offspring in comparison with their parents. The amount of genetic variation in a population is important because natural selection is dependent upon varying alleles to increase or decrease their frequencies.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome. When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate independently of each other.