NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -By experimenting with pea plant breeding, Mendel developed three principles of inheritance that described the transmission of genetic traits, before anyone knew genes existed. Mendel’s insight greatly expanded the understanding of genetic inheritance, and led to the development of new experimental methods.

Detailed explanation-2: -In his monastery garden, Mendel performed thousands of crosses with pea plants, discovering how characteristics are passed down from one generation to the next-namely, dominant and recessive traits. Mendel’s early experiments provided the basis of modern genetics.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gregor Mendel describes his experiments with peas showing that heredity is transmitted in discrete units. From earliest time, people noticed the resemblance between parents and offspring, among animals and plants as well as in human families. Gregor Johann Mendel turned the study of heredity into a science.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mendel did thousands of cross-breeding experiments. His key finding was that there were 3 times as many dominant as recessive traits in F2 pea plants (3:1 ratio). Mendel crossed pure lines of pea plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fundamental theory of heredity Mendel found that paired pea traits were either dominant or recessive. When pure-bred parent plants were cross-bred, dominant traits were always seen in the progeny, whereas recessive traits were hidden until the first-generation (F1) hybrid plants were left to self-pollinate.