NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ribosomes can be found as free structures in the cytoplasm or strung along mRNA molecules as they participate in protein synthesis. Ribosomes also stud the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), giving it a rough appearance and enabling protein synthesis within the ER.

Detailed explanation-2: -The P-site (for peptidyl) is the second binding site for tRNA in the ribosome. The other two sites are the A-site (aminoacyl), which is the first binding site in the ribosome, and the E-site (exit), the third. During protein translation, the P-site holds the tRNA which is linked to the growing polypeptide chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each ribosomal subunit has three binding sites for tRNA: designated the A (aminoacyl) site, which accepts the incoming aminoacylated tRNA; P (peptidyl) site, which holds the tRNA with the nascent peptide chain; and E (exit) site, which holds the deacylated tRNA before it leaves the ribosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Three tRNA-binding sites are located on the ribosome, termed the A, P and E sites.

Detailed explanation-5: -The RER is associated with many roles in protein synthesis, which also include post-translational modifications, folding, and sorting. Membrane-bound ribosomes in the RER translate the mature mRNA transcript into amino acids that are attached to become polypeptides.