NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -More severe future climatic scenarios would likely cause greater loss of variability or more distinct homogenization in genetic variation of species. Relatively low interpolated genetic distances are generally associated with areas of greater losses in climatic suitability from the present to the future.

Detailed explanation-2: -Maintaining high genetic diversity allows species to adapt to future environmental changes and avoid inbreeding. Inbreeding, which happens when there are small, isolated populations, can reduce a species’ ability to survive and reproduce.

Detailed explanation-3: -Loss of genetic diversity increases the risk of extinction of a population through inbreeding depression. In addition, the number of deleterious genetic variations, which might accumulate in a small population through genetic drift, can also make the population vulnerable.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some of the threats to genetic diversity are habitat degradation and loss, deforestation, fragmentation, pathogens, invasive and allochthonous species, environmental pollution, global climate change, etc.