GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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All living things come from previous cells.
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All plants and animals have DNA.
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Matter cannot be created or destroyed during chemical reactions
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Fossils provide evidence that vertebrates share a common ancestor.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past. Fossils are important evidence for evolution because they show that life on earth was once different from life found on earth today.
Detailed explanation-2: -Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species’ relatedness.
Detailed explanation-3: -Comparative Embryology Similarities in embryos are likely to be evidence of common ancestry. All vertebrate embryos, for example, have gill slits and tails. All of the embryos in Figure 9.3. 4, except for fish, lose their gill slits by adulthood, and some of them also lose their tail.
Detailed explanation-4: -Evidence of a common ancestor for all of life is reflected in the universality of DNA as the genetic material, in the near universality of the genetic code, and in the machinery of DNA replication and expression. In general, the relatedness of groups of organisms is reflected in the similarity of their DNA sequences.