NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is: Chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: A single piece of the coiled DNA is known as the chromosome. The DNA is wrapped around the histones, which are protein molecules along with the non-histone proteins. The chromosomes have centromere present, which divides them into two parts.

Detailed explanation-3: -An allele is a variant form of a gene. Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a chromosome. Humans are called diploid organisms because they have two alleles at each genetic locus, with one allele inherited from each parent.

Detailed explanation-4: -This is accomplished by wrapping the DNA around structural histone proteins, which act as scaffolding for the DNA to be coiled around. The entire structure is called a nucleosome, each of which includes an octamer of histone proteins and 146 to 147 base pairs of DNA.

Detailed explanation-5: -A chromosome is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements, and other nucleotide sequences. Within each chromosome, DNA is wrapped around histone molecules to compress it significantly.