NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An allele is a variant form of a gene. Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a chromosome. Humans are called diploid organisms because they have two alleles at each genetic locus, with one allele inherited from each parent.

Detailed explanation-2: -Alleles are forms of the same gene with small differences in their sequence of DNA bases. These small differences contribute to each person’s unique physical features. Scientists keep track of genes by giving them unique names.

Detailed explanation-3: -Alleles are variants of the same gene that occur on the same place on a chromosome. (Through a mutation, they are different.) A locus refers to the location on the chromosome where the gene is found. Loci is the plural form of locus.

Detailed explanation-4: -(uh-LEEL) One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus. Typically one allele (“normal” DNA sequence) is common, and other alleles (mutations) are rare.

Detailed explanation-5: -Because loci are located on chromosomes, and we inherit one chromosome from each of our parents, each locus has two alleles. These alleles can recombine from generation to generation to produce different genotypes.