NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In living organisms, the genome is stored in long molecules of DNA called chromosomes. Small sections of DNA, called genes, code for the RNA and protein molecules required by the organism. In eukaryotes, each cell’s genome is contained within a membrane-bound structure called the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-2: -A chromosome contains many genes. A gene is a segment of DNA that provides the code to construct a protein. The DNA molecule is a long, coiled double helix that resembles a spiral staircase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromosomes also contain proteins that help DNA exist in the proper form. Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes, or 46 chromosomes in total. Chromosomes are made up of long strands of DNA, which contain all the body’s genes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Not to stir up a battle of the sexes, but the X chromosome (females have two of them, while males have one) is five times larger than the Y chromosome, and has 10 times the number of genes. That means it carries more traits-and diseases-than the Y chromosome.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.