GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Bacteria insulin is less effective in treating diabetes than animal insulin.
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The genetically modified bacteria may become insulin resistant.
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The genetically modified bacteria may produce too much insulin.
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The presence of a new gene in the bacteria may alter the way that existing genes work.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made it possible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a common bacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the protein encoded by the human gene.
Detailed explanation-2: -Why is it possible for bacteria to make a human protein, such as insulin, or a sea anemone protein, such as the red fluorescent dye? The DNA structure and code, and the cell machinery that carries out transcription and translation, are the same across all living organisms.
Detailed explanation-3: -Nowadays, most insulin is made using genetically modified bacteria that have had the human gene for insulin inserted into them. This GM insulin has some advantages over insulin taken from pigs or cattle: it can be made in very large amounts from bacteria grown in a fermenter.
Detailed explanation-4: -Synthetic human insulin was the first golden molecule of the biotech industry and the direct result of recombinant DNA technology. Currently, millions of diabetics worldwide use synthetic insulin to regulate their blood sugar levels. Synthetic insulin is made in both bacteria and yeast.