NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The main enzyme involved in transcription is RNA polymerase, which uses a single-stranded DNA template to synthesize a complementary strand of RNA. Specifically, RNA polymerase builds an RNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction, adding each new nucleotide to the 3’ end of the strand.

Detailed explanation-2: -Since primase produces RNA molecules, the enzyme is a type of RNA polymerase. Primase functions by synthesizing short RNA sequences that are complementary to a single-stranded piece of DNA, which serves as its template.

Detailed explanation-3: -The process of transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase (RNA pol) attaches to the template DNA strand and begins to catalyze production of complementary RNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme. Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene (directly or through helper proteins). RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-5: -RNA polymerase can attach to the promoter only with the help of proteins called basal (general) transcription factors. They are part of the cell’s core transcription toolkit, needed for the transcription of any gene.