GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Eukaryotic DNA elongates faster than prokaryotes.
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Eukaryotic DNA can initiate replication at multiple origins.
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Prokaryotic DNA is linear.
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Eukaryotic DNA has a single replication bubble.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Replication in eukaryotes starts at multiple origins of replication, while replication in prokaryotes starts from a single origin of replication.
Detailed explanation-2: -Similarities Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Replication Both the replication processes occur before nuclear division. The DNA involved in both processes are double-stranded. The replication occurs in 5’ to 3’ direction. The single-strand binding proteins stabilizes the unwound DNA.
Detailed explanation-3: -Eukaryotic DNA replication requires multiple replication forks, while prokaryotic replication uses a single origin to rapidly replicate the entire genome. DNA replication always occurs in the nucleus. Eukaryotic DNA replication involves more polymerases than prokaryotic replication.
Detailed explanation-4: -In prokaryotes, DNA replication is the first step of cell division, which is primarily through binary fission or budding. In eukaryotes, cell division is a comparatively complex process, and DNA replication occurs during the synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle.
Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotic chromosomes have one origin of replication, while eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins. This is because eukaryotic chromosomes are much larger, so multiple origins are needed to replicate the entire chromosome in a short amount of time.