GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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DNA replicates in the 5’ to 3’ direction
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The replication fork moves forward along a double-stranded DNA molecule
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DNA replicates in the 3’ to 5’ direction on the lagging strand.
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RNA primase places short RNA primer sequences along the DNA molecule
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Detailed explanation-1: -Word origin: named after its discoverers, Reiji Okazaki and his wife, Tsuneko Okazaki, while studying replication of bacteriophage DNA in Escherichia coli in 1968.
Detailed explanation-2: -DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for DNA replication. It only synthesizes DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction. However, since the double-stranded DNA is antiparallel, DNA synthesis should occur in both directions. Therefore, Okazaki fragments are formed during the synthesis of lagging template strand.
Detailed explanation-3: -Complete Answer: Okazaki fragments are discontinuous short sequences of DNA nucleotides and are formed during the DNA replication process to synthesize the lagging strand of DNA. After being discontinuously synthesized, these fragments are joined together by enzyme DNA ligase.
Detailed explanation-4: -Okazaki fragments are pieces of DNA that are transient components of lagging strand DNA synthesis at the replication fork.