HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It is produced by the virus Vibrio cholerae
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It attaches to receptors on intestine cells
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It enters the cell by endocytosis
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It causes Cl-and HCO3-ions to enter the intestine lumen
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Detailed explanation-1: -The bacterial protein toxin of Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin, is a major agent involved in severe diarrhoeal disease. Cholera toxin is a member of the AB toxin family and is composed of a catalytically active heterodimeric A-subunit linked with a homopentameric B-subunit.
Detailed explanation-2: -A bacterium called Vibrio cholerae causes cholera infection. The deadly effects of the disease are the result of a toxin the bacteria produces in the small intestine.
Detailed explanation-3: -Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the toxigenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139. An estimated 1.3 to 4 million people around the world get cholera each year and 21, 000 to 143, 000 people die from it.
Detailed explanation-4: -Cholera toxin enhances the growth of Vibrio cholerae in the gut lumen by increasing available iron and fatty acid nutrients. Cholera toxin (CTX) facilitates the devastating clinical manifestations of Vibrio cholerae infection and promotes the massive secretory diarrhea that causes considerable spread of the pathogen.