NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Guard cells use osmotic pressure to open and close stomata, allowing plants to regulate the amount of water and solutes within them.

Detailed explanation-2: -Upon the incoming of water inside the guard cells, they swell up to become like a curved banana surface, due to which the stomatal pore opens up. When the guard cells lose water, they become flaccid and straight and thus, close the stomatal aperture. Guard cells and stomata regulates the respiration process in plants.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each stoma is surrounded by a pair of sausage-shaped guard cells. In bright light the guard cells take in water by osmosis and become plump and turgid . In low light the guard cells lose water and become flaccid, causing the stomata to close.

Detailed explanation-4: -A special feature of guard cells is that they can increase or decrease their volume, thereby changing their shape. This is the basis for the opening and closing of a stoma, known as stomatal movement, which controls gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis and limits water loss.

Detailed explanation-5: -The opening and closing of stomata are controlled by specialized cells called guard cells. The turgor pressure in the guard cells controls the opening and closing of the guard cells. Stomatal pores open when guard cells enlarge as a result of water absorption and close when guard cells shrink.