PSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Nature, according to Thomas Hobbes, is a state of war, of “all against all”, and as a result, life for the individual in Hobbes’s state of nature is “solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short”.

Detailed explanation-2: -In Hobbes’ memorable description, life outside society would be ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’. ‘ But Hobbes’ theory did not end there: he wanted to find a way out of such an undesirable situation.

Detailed explanation-3: -According to Hobbes (Leviathan, 1651), the state of nature was one in which there were no enforceable criteria of right and wrong. People took for themselves all that they could, and human life was “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.”

Detailed explanation-4: -Hobbes is famous for his early and elaborate development of what has come to be known as “social contract theory”, the method of justifying political principles or arrangements by appeal to the agreement that would be made among suitably situated rational, free, and equal persons.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hobbes and Locke argued that the state had arisen out of a voluntary agreement, or social contract, made by individuals who recognised that only the establishment of sovereign power could safeguard them from the insecurity of the state of nature.