SOLAR SYSTEM

Detailed explanation-1: -So scientists rely on seismic waves-shock waves generated by earthquakes and explosions that travel through Earth and across its surface-to reveal the structure of the interior of the planet. Thousands of earthquakes occur every year, and each one provides a fleeting glimpse of the Earth’s interior.

Detailed explanation-2: -Earthquakes produce three basic types of seismic waves: P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Each type has a different type of motion and travels through the Earth at different speeds. Scientists use seismographs to measure these waves, which helps them understand the structure and composition of Earth’s layers.

Detailed explanation-3: -Scientists use seismometers (Fig. 7.2) to measure seismic waves. Seismometers measure the vibrations of the ground, relative to a stationary instrument. Data from a seismometer, also called a seismogram, shows velocity on the y axis and time on the x axis (Fig.