SSC MTS EXAM

Detailed explanation-1: -The regular flooding along the Tigris and the Euphrates made the land around them especially fertile and ideal for growing crops for food.

Detailed explanation-2: -To irrigate their land, they dug out large storage basins to hold water supplies. Then they dug canals, human-made waterways, that connected these basins to a network of ditches. These ditches brought water to the fields. To protect their fields from flooding, farmers built up the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Tigris and Euphrates rivers made it possible to grow wheat on the arid Mesopotamian plains, but the dry climate eventually defeated human engineering. Irrigation brought water to fields faster than it could drain out. As salt-rich groundwater rose and surface water evaporated, mineral salts built up in the soils.

Detailed explanation-4: -The farmers in Sumer created levees to hold back the floods from their fields and cut canals to channel river water to the fields. The use of levees and canals is called irrigation, another Sumerian invention.