HISTORY
ABSOLUTISM AND REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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most changes in government are dangerous
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governments are instituted to protect citizen’s rights
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absolute monarchy is the most effective for m of government
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popular liberties should be limited by the need for social order
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Detailed explanation-1: -Enlightenment philosophes such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau challenged the idea of the divine right of kings. They wrote about a government’s obligations to uphold people’s rights and how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. What did these new ideas encourage people to do?
Detailed explanation-2: -Enlightenment thinkers wanted to improve human conditions on earth rather than concern themselves with religion and the afterlife. These thinkers valued reason, science, religious tolerance, and what they called “natural rights”-life, liberty, and property.
Detailed explanation-3: -Politically, they asked what was the proper relationship of the citizen to the monarch or the state. They held that society existed as a contract between individuals and some larger political entity. They advanced the idea of freedom and equality before the law.
Detailed explanation-4: -Enlightenment thinkers believed that governments had a responsibility to hold up their end of the social contract. If a government failed, then citizens would no longer agree to be governed and they would have the right to revolt. This idea is known as consent of the governed.