WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Separation of powers is the division of the legislative, executive, and judicial functions of government. It minimises the possibility of arbitrary excesses by the government, since the sanction of all three branches is required for the making, executing, and administering of laws.

Detailed explanation-2: -Montesquieu encouraged ideas of democracy and republic. He also suggested that power in the government be divided between a separate legislature, executive, and judiciary.

Detailed explanation-3: -The intent of separation of powers is to prevent the concentration of unchecked power and to provide for checks and balances, in which the powers of one branch of government is limited by the powers of another branch-to prevent abuses of power and avoid autocracy.

Detailed explanation-4: -According to Montesquieu, there were three types of government: a monarchy (ruled by a king or queen), a republic (ruled by an elected leader), and a despotism (ruled by a dictator). Montesquieu believed that a government that was elected by the people was the best form of government.