HISTORY
ABSOLUTISM AND REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Maria Theresa
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Catherine the Great
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Frederick the Great
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -By separating church from the state, she incorporated some of her “enlightened” Western philosophies in her governance of Russia. In doing so, she removed the power that the Orthodox clergy had previously held over the state, instead forcing them to depend on the state for compensation.
Detailed explanation-2: -Among the most prominent enlightened despots were Frederick II (the Great), Peter I (the Great), Catherine II (the Great), Maria Theresa, Joseph II, and Leopold II.
Detailed explanation-3: -While Catherine enjoyed great military success, internally her country had a precarious social structure. Much of the population lived as serfs, in essence a form of slave.
Detailed explanation-4: -Catherine’s vision of progress shared the commitment of the broader Enlightenment to the principles of reason as well as ‘toleration’ and ‘curbing religious fanaticism’.