HISTORY
ABSOLUTISM AND REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Hobbes
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Locke
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Beccaria
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Voltaire
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Detailed explanation-1: -John Locke For him, human nature is guided by tolerance and reason. The State of Nature is pre-political, but it is not pre-moral. Persons are assumed to be equal to one another in such a state, and therefore equally capable of discovering and being bound by the Law of Nature.
Detailed explanation-2: -Often credited as a founder of modern “liberal” thought, Locke pioneered the ideas of natural law, social contract, religious toleration, and the right to revolution that proved essential to both the American Revolution and the U.S. Constitution that followed.
Detailed explanation-3: -The points of contrast between the two thinkers are upheld in their concept of human nature. Hobbes depicted that human beings are egoistic, selfish and quarrelsome. While on the contrary Locke believed that human beings are altruistic, selfless, peace loving and good.