HISTORY
ABSOLUTISM AND REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Thomas Hobbes-“The Leviathan”
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau-“Social Contract”
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John Locke-“The Two Treaties on Government”
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Montesquieu-“Wealth of Nations”
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Detailed explanation-1: -John Locke (29 August 1632-28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers, especially concerning the development of political philosophy.
Detailed explanation-2: -Locke and the Founding Fathers, however, rejected Hobbes’ argument that the government had absolute power over its subjects. Instead, the Founding Fathers embraced Locke’s ideas of the protection of unalienable rights and limited government in the Declaration of Independence and Constitution.
Detailed explanation-3: -’ Just over a century later, Jean-Jacques Rousseau countered that human nature is essentially good, and that we could have lived peaceful and happy lives well before the development of anything like the modern state.
Detailed explanation-4: -Rousseau argued that the general will of the people could not be decided by elected representatives. He believed in a direct democracy in which everyone voted to express the general will and to make the laws of the land. Rousseau had in mind a democracy on a small scale, a city-state like his native Geneva.