WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The concepts of respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice and the moral values of these four prima facie principles have been expressly identified in Confucius’ ethics.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ideal world of Confucianism is a kind of ‘moral community’ the members of which control their desires in an appropriate way according to their innate moral emotions, so that their behavior follows public order autonomously to realize the common good.

Detailed explanation-3: -Traditionally, cultures and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere are strongly influenced by Confucianism, including China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, as well as various territories settled predominantly by Han Chinese people, such as Singapore and Myanmar’s Kokang.

Detailed explanation-4: -Within Confucianism there are five constant virtues or wu chang (). In descending order of importance, the virtues are benevolence or ren (), righteousness or yi (), propriety or li (), wisdom or zhi () and fidelity or xin ().