WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mencius () Mencius, or Mengzi (372–289 BC) is considered China’s “second Sage, ‘’ after only main man Confucius himself, whose birthplace was just 30 kilometers away from his own.

Detailed explanation-2: -Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism are considered the “three pillars” of ancient Chinese society.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Confucian solution. Confucius believed that to restore order, societies had to encourage certain virtues, such as loyalty, trustworthiness, and respecting your elders. He believed people were capable of attaining these and other virtues through education.

Detailed explanation-4: -Confucian political theory emphasized conflict resolution through mediation, rather than through the application of abstract rules to establish right and wrong in order to achieve social harmony. The belief that the state was the moral guardian of the people was reflected in a number of institutions.