WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ‘Mandate of Heaven’ established the idea that a ruler must be just to keep the approval of the gods. It was believed that natural disasters, famines, and astrological signs were signals that the emperor and the dynasty were losing the Mandate of Heaven.

Detailed explanation-2: -Such a person was Liu Bang, who rose from obscurity to be crowned emperor of China 2215 years ago this month on the 28th of February, 202 BCE. As founder of the Han dynasty, Liu Bang also became the symbolic father of the Han people.

Detailed explanation-3: -After overthrowing the Mongol Yuan dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), proclaimed that he had obtained the Mandate of Heaven (Tianming), enabling establishment of a spiritual orientation and social agenda for China.

Detailed explanation-4: -The “Mandate of Heaven” is an ancient Chinese philosophical concept, which originated during the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE). The Mandate determines whether an emperor of China is sufficiently virtuous to rule; if he does not fulfil his obligations as emperor, then he loses the Mandate and thus the right to be emperor.

Detailed explanation-5: -Emperor Gaozu of Han, born Liu Bang, was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning in 202–195 BC.