WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -In 221 BC, Ying Zheng finally got his chance. He achieved a huge victory over his competitor states and over the last Zhou ruler and declared himself to be the first emperor of China under the title Qin Shihuangdi.

Detailed explanation-2: -Qin Shi Huangdi, the first Qin Emperor, was a brutal ruler who unified ancient China and laid the foundation for the Great Wall. China already had a long history by the time its states were unified under its first emperor. Settlements in the Yellow and Yangtze River Valleys had grown into an agricultural civilization.

Detailed explanation-3: -Legalism became the official philosophy of the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) when the first emperor of China, Shi Huangdi (r. 221-210 BCE), rose to power and banned all other philosophies as a corrupting influence.

Detailed explanation-4: -The founders of legalism. Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BCE) is considered one of the important early philosophers of legalism. A Qin state official, he reorganized the state under the Qin leader Duke Xiao.

Detailed explanation-5: -Explanation: The first emperor believed that Legalism would help him rule his empire. He ordered Legalists to write new laws. The Legalist laws gave district officials the power to investigate crimes, arrest suspects, and act as judges.

Detailed explanation-6: -As the ruler of Qin, Ying Zheng took the name Qin Shi Huang Di (“first emperor of Qin”), which brings together the words for “Mythical Ruler” and “God.” Qin Shi Huang began a militarily-driven expansionist policy.