WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The concepts of respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice and the moral values of these four prima facie principles have been expressly identified in Confucius’ ethics.

Detailed explanation-2: -Within Confucianism there are five constant virtues or wu chang (). In descending order of importance, the virtues are benevolence or ren (), righteousness or yi (), propriety or li (), wisdom or zhi () and fidelity or xin ().

Detailed explanation-3: -Inherent in Confucianism is the value of filial piety, which demands respect and obligation to aging parents, honoring the family name, and an emphasis on group harmony rather than individual identity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Robert Oxnam :: Confucian teaching rests on three essential values: Filial piety, humaneness, and ritual.

Detailed explanation-5: -In its ideal sense, a person honoring Li will be perfect in all his relationships. This working out of Li is especially important in what Confucianism holds as the Five Key Relationships; they are the relationship of ruler to subject, father to son, husband to wife, elder to younger and friend to friend.