WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Rufipogon and the main Chinese cultivated rice varieties are indica and japonica subspecies, with ongoing developments of rice breeding in hybrid rice established by the Ministry of Agriculture in China.

Detailed explanation-2: -Rice, maize and wheat are the three major crops, and the production of these three crops accounts for more than 90% of China’s total food production.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most of the rice eaten in southern China stems from the Oryza sativa indica subspecies (known in Chinese as “xian”), such as jasmine. However, the shorter grain Oryza sativa japonica (called “geng” in Chinese) that is common in Japan and Taiwan, is also gaining popularity here.

Detailed explanation-4: -During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC), rice became an important part of the diets for Chinese people.

Detailed explanation-5: -Rice is a Kharif crop that requires high temperatures (above 25 °C) and high humidity. It requires an annual rainfall above 100 cm. In areas with less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation. Rice is grown in the plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.

Detailed explanation-6: -Out of China Scholars have generally agreed that the originally domesticated plant for all varieties of rice is Oryza sativa japonica, domesticated from O. rufipogon in the lower Yangtze River Valley by hunter-gatherers approximately 9, 000 to 10, 000 years ago.