WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The 7th century was characterized above all by two major events: the advent of Islam (which can be seen as a competitor in the areas of geopolitics and religion, from the 620s) and the Monothelite controversy (which for nearly 50 years dominated theological and doctrinal conversations, c. 633–682).

Detailed explanation-2: -The Rashtrakutas, the Cholas and the Gurjara-Pratiharas existed between 7th century CE and 12th century CE.

Detailed explanation-3: -Battle of the Masts: Emperor Constans II personally commands the Byzantine fleet (500 ships), and sets off to challenge the Arab navy. He sails to the province of Lycia (now in Turkey) in the southern region of Asia Minor. The two forces meet off the coast of Mount Phoenix, near the harbour of Phoenix (modern Finike).

Detailed explanation-4: -Muslims defeat Bani Tamim and Mosailima. 633: Muslims take Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Hadramaut. Raids in Iraq. Battle of Chains, Battle of Saniyy, Battle of Walaja, Battle of Ullais, Battle of Hira, Battle of Al-Anbar, Battle of Ayn al-Tamr, Battle of Dawmat al-Jandal, Battle of Firaz.