WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Legalists believed that people were driven by self-interest. They believed that to be good members of society, people had to be controlled by a strong ruler, strict laws, and harsh punishments.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ruler’s main function in the Confucian state was to educate and transform the people. This was ideally accomplished not by legal regulation and coercion, but by personal rule, moral example, and mediation in disputes by the emperor and his officials.

Detailed explanation-3: -Legalism, school of Chinese philosophy that attained prominence during the turbulent Warring States era (475–221 bce) and, through the influence of the philosophers Shang Yang, Li Si, and Hanfeizi, formed the ideological basis of China’s first imperial dynasty, the Qin (221–207 bce).

Detailed explanation-4: -Legalism in ancient China was a philosophical belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses. It was developed by the philosopher Han Feizi (l. c. 280-233 BCE) of the state of Qin.

Detailed explanation-5: -Founder of legalism and believed that severe punishments were the only way to control people.-The Code of Law must be drafted and published. Laws should always be more important than individual interests and actions. All persons are considered equal before the law.