WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Though the Greek city-states were fiercely independent, these city states did have many things in common. They worshipped the same gods, they spoke the same language, and they had the same cultural background. And in times of foreign invasion (such as the Persian wars), they would band together to fight a common foe.

Detailed explanation-2: -Each city-state ruled itself. They differed greatly from the each other in governing philosophies and interests. For example, Sparta was ruled by two kings and a council of elders. It emphasized maintaining a strong military, while Athens valued education and art.

Detailed explanation-3: -Athenian society was composed of four main social classes-slaves, metics (non-citizen freepersons), women, and citizens, but within each of these broad classes were several sub-classes (such as the difference between common citizens and aristocratic citizens).

Detailed explanation-4: -Why were Athens and Sparta different? Athens was a democratic state where education, art, and philosophy was valued. Sparta was a military state where strength, size, and fighting capabilities were most important.