WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some farmers built wide earth steps into the hills to create more flat land for farming. Most farmers grew crops like grapes and olives, which needed less land. Farmers planted hillside orchards of fruit and nut trees. Greek farmers raised sheep and goats, which can graze on the sides of mountains.

Detailed explanation-2: -Greece’s steep mountains and surrounding seas forced Greeks to settle in isolated communities. Travel by land was hard, and sea voyages were hazardous. Most ancient Greeks farmed, but good land and water were scarce.

Detailed explanation-3: -Greece was a mainly mountainous landscape, with the Pindus Mountains and Mount Olympus, surrounded by water on three sides by the Ionian Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Aegean Sea. This meant that the Greek city-states of Ancient Greece were separated by mountains and water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ancient Greeks raised crops and animals well suited to the environment. Wheat and barley were grown, and olives and grapes were harvested. The many hills and mountains provided shrubs to feed the herds of sheep, goats, and cattle.

Detailed explanation-5: -The terrain of the land was mostly mountainous, and the soil was not fertile enough to support farming. The climate was also a significant factor, with hot and dry summers and rainy winters. These conditions made it challenging to cultivate crops, especially since most farming was done manually.

Detailed explanation-6: -Later these communities were organized into poleis or city-states. The mountains prevented large-scale farming and impelled the Greeks to look beyond their borders to new lands where fertile soil was more abundant.