HISTORY
ANCIENT GREECE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Greek city-states had supported rebellions in the Persian Empire.
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Greek armies had attacked and taken over land that belonged to Persia.
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Greek pirates had raided Persia’s merchant ships and coastal towns.
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Greek leaders had declared independence from the Persian Empire.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The invasion, consisting of two distinct campaigns, was ordered by the Persian king Darius the Great primarily in order to punish the city-states of Athens and Eretria. These cities had supported the cities of Ionia during their revolt against Persian rule, thus incurring the wrath of Darius.
Detailed explanation-2: -Battle of Marathon, (September 490 bce), in the Greco-Persian Wars, decisive battle fought on the Marathon plain of northeastern Attica in which the Athenians, in a single afternoon, repulsed the first Persian invasion of Greece.
Detailed explanation-3: -These Greco-Persian wars had major impacts on the Greek city-states by shifting balances of power and letting Athens rise to become the most powerful of the Greek cities. Before the Persian invasions, Greece was very decentralized but Sparta was generally recognized as the hegemon (the most powerful city).
Detailed explanation-4: -Athens was a powerful city-state with a large navy. He met with the Athenian leaders and convinced him to support the Ionian Revolt. In 499 BC, Athens sent 20 ships and some men to aid the Ionians in their revolt against Persia.
Detailed explanation-5: -In order to suppress the invasion by Darius and Xerxes, they consolidated the land military forces and tended to join the naval forces. The Athenians, Spartans, and other Greeks united to defeat the Persian allies. So they had a common goal. One of the Athenian leaders, Themistocles built the navy.