WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Greek democracy created at Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.

Detailed explanation-2: -About 620 B.C., an archon named Draco produced the first written code of laws for Athens. It provided some protections for the common people. But his laws required severe punishments, often death, for most crimes. Today, we call harsh laws “Draconian."

Detailed explanation-3: -According to the Greek mythology, Cecrops, who was half man and half serpent, founded Athens and became the first king. Around the tenth century B.C., the settlers formed twelve cities, of which Athens was always dominant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cleisthenes of Athens, Cleisthenes also spelled Clisthenes, (born c. 570 bce-died c. 508), statesman regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy, serving as chief archon (highest magistrate) of Athens (525–524).