WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -phalanx, in military science, tactical formation consisting of a block of heavily armed infantry standing shoulder to shoulder in files several ranks deep. Fully developed by the ancient Greeks, it survived in modified form into the gunpowder era and is viewed today as the beginning of European military development.

Detailed explanation-2: -The phalanx (Ancient Greek: ; plural phalanxes or phalanges, , phalanges) was a rectangular mass military formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, sarissas, or similar pole weapons.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hoplites (/ˈhɒplaɪts/ HOP-lytes) (Ancient Greek: , romanized: hoplī́tēs [ho. plǐː. tɛːs]) were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Hoplite soldiers used the phalanx formation to be effective in war with fewer soldiers.

Detailed explanation-4: -hoplite, heavily armed ancient Greek foot soldier whose function was to fight in close formation. Until his appearance, probably in the late 8th century bce, individual combat predominated in warfare.

Detailed explanation-5: -It was composed of heavily armed infantry soldiers called hoplites who were organized in rows and files, with each soldier standing shoulder to shoulder and carrying a large, round shield called an aspis, a spear, and a short sword.

Detailed explanation-6: -The main Greek soldier was the foot soldier called a “hoplite.” Hoplites carried large shields and long spears. The name “hoplite” comes from their shield which they called the “hoplon."