WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The early city-states (800-100 BCE) were ruled by hereditary kings, meaning the power to rule was passed down through the family line. This type of government is a monarchy. The kings were advised by wealthy nobles, or aristocrats (ah-ris-toe-crats).

Detailed explanation-2: -The Greek city-states had no one form of government. Their leadership structures were as varied as the city-states themselves. Most had some form of oligarchy, where a few elites ruled over the rest.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some of the most important city-states were Athens, Sparta, Thebes, Corinth, and Delphi. Of these, Athens and Sparta were the two most powerful city-states. Athens was a democracy and Sparta had two kings and an oligarchic system, but both were important in the development of Greek society and culture.

Detailed explanation-4: -Broadly speaking, an oligarchy is a form of government characterized by the rule of a few persons or families. More specifically, the term was used by Greek philosopher Aristotle in contrast to aristocracy, which was another term to describe rule by a privileged few.