WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Gracchi brothers were two brothers at the start of the late Roman Republic : Tiberius Gracchus and Gaius Gracchus. They served in the plebeian tribunates of 133 BC and 122–121 BC, respectively.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Gracchi brothers, Tiberius and Gaius, introduced a number of populist agrarian and land reforms in the 130s and 120s BCE that were heavily opposed by the patrician Senate. Both brothers were murdered by mob violence after political stalemates.

Detailed explanation-3: -He is most famous for his tribunate for the years 123 and 122 BC, in which he proposed a wide set of laws, including laws to establish colonies outside of Italy, engage in further land reform, reform the judicial system and system for provincial assignments, and create a subsidised grain supply for Rome.

Detailed explanation-4: -He proposed an agricultural reform limiting land ownership to 125 hectares per citizen or 250 hectares per family, and distributing the freed-up land to the poorest Romans, usually free of charge. A triumvirate which included Tiberius’ brother, Gaius Gracchus, was charged with enacting the law.

Detailed explanation-5: -Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus both held the position of Tribune of the Plebs during the second century BC and had attempted to bring land reform, as well as other populist measures, into ancient Rome.