WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Civil wars. Probably the most important single cause of Byzantium’s collapse was its recurrent debilitating civil wars. Three of the worst periods of civil war and internal infighting took place during Byzantium’s decline.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most important legacy of the Byzantine Empire is the preservation of Greek and Roman civilization during the Middle Ages. Byzantine civilization blended Christian religious beliefs with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature. They also extended Roman achievements in engineering and law.

Detailed explanation-3: -Debts incurred through war had left the empire in dire financial straits, however, and his successors were forced to heavily tax Byzantine citizens in order to keep the empire afloat.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Byzantine Empire finally fell in 1453, after an Ottoman army stormed Constantinople during the reign of Constantine XI.

Detailed explanation-5: -Effects on the Byzantine Empire The plague episode contributed to a weakening of the Byzantine Empire in political and economic ways. As the disease spread throughout the Mediterranean world, the empire’s ability to resist its enemies weakened.

Detailed explanation-6: -The most significant was from the growth of various Islamic powers. Islamic armies continually threatened the empire and gradually annexed its territory. The fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 was caused by an invasion of the Ottoman Turks (a Muslim power). The Byzantines also faced threats from other foreign forces.