WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -In 45 B.C., Julius Caesar ordered a calendar consisting of twelve months based on a solar year. This calendar employed a cycle of three years of 365 days, followed by a year of 366 days (leap year).

Detailed explanation-2: -He also changed New Year’s Day to January 1st. Caesar wanted to honor Janus, the two-faced god who looks backwards into the old year and forward into the new. January 1st didn’t have any astronomical or agricultural significance, it was just a random date selected by Caesar.

Detailed explanation-3: -In 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII introduced his Gregorian calendar, Europe adhered to the Julian calendar, first implemented by Julius Caesar in 46 B.C. Since the Roman emperor’s system miscalculated the length of the solar year by 11 minutes, the calendar had since fallen out of sync with the seasons.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced on February 24 with a papal bull, and went into effect in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar.