WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -What did Ancient Mariners call Southeast Asia? Ancient Mariners called Southeast Asia, the area the “Golden region or golden islands.” What substance did the Chinese use to defend themselves against the Mongols? The substance the Chinese used to defend themselves against the Mongols, the use of gunpowder.

Detailed explanation-2: -Southeast Asia can be studied by dividing up the realm into two geographic regions: the mainland and the insular region. The mainland borders China and India and has extensive river systems. The insular region is made up of islands and peninsulas between Asia and Australia, often with mountainous interiors.

Detailed explanation-3: -Prince Shōtoku wanted a centralized government under a supreme ruler. His objective was to limit the powers of the aristocrats and enhance the Yamato ruler’s (his own) authority. Thus, the ruler was portrayed as a divine figure and the symbol of the Japanese nation.

Detailed explanation-4: -By following the middle way-moderation in everything-and what became known as the noble eightfold path these desires can be extinguished and a state of nirvana eventually reached. In most cases this process involves going through a series of rebirths or reincarnations until the ultimate goal is reached.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Sui dynasty (581–618), which reunified China after nearly four centuries of political fragmentation during which the north and south had developed in different ways, played a part far more important than its short span would suggest.